/FirstChar 31 endobj It conveys a sense of action and triumph as well as portraying artful flowing drapery, as though the goddess were descending to alight upon the prow of a ship. /Name /F3 The sculpture was removed from its base and carried into an adjoining room which was transformed for the occasion into a restoration workshop. [22], On February 3, 1999, according to the Macedonian Press Agency: News in English, "residents of the Aegean island of Samothrace, the birthplace of the renowned Greek sculpture Nike of Samothrace, aka the Winged Victory, embarked on a letter-writing campaign to have this finest extant of Hellenistic sculpture returned to their homeland. /MaxWidth 1125 /AvgWidth 500 endobj La base de la statue représente l’avant d’un bateau de guerre typique de l’époque hellénistique. 16 0 obj 611 611 611 389 556 333 611 556 778 556 556 500 389 280 389 584 556 556 556 333 500 278 556 500 722 500 500 500 334 260 334 584 611 556 556 556 556 556 556 889 556 556 556 556 556 278 278 278 endobj 750 750 222 222 333 333 350 556 1000 333 1000 500 333 944 750 750 Saint-Gaudens' Nike also wears a laurel wreath on her head and bears a large olive branch in her left hand. Aujourd'hui, la Victoire Ailée de Samothrace reste l'une des sculptures les plus célèbres sur Terre. /CapHeight 1000 Nike Monument (12) The most famous monument of Samothrace and one of the earliest discoveries, the great marble winged female figure of Victory (Nike in Greek) deftly alights on the prow of a warship that appears to move swiftly forward. The statue has been reassembled in stages since its discovery. This technique, used by Greek sculptors for the head and other protruding parts of the statue as early as the Archaic period, began to be used for the body itself in the Hellenistic period. The 1913 sculpture Unique Forms of Continuity in Space by the Futuristic sculptor Umberto Boccioni, currently located at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York, was influenced by the statue, and is said to bear an underlying resemblance to it. © Musée du Louvre, Dist. /StemH 159 [24], The statue before restoration, standing on a marble block, The Winged Victory of Samothrace, back view. endobj Benndorfet K. vonZumbusch, Reconstitution de la Victoire de Samothrace, 1875-1880, plâtre, disparue. 2. >> /StemH 159 [18] Since 1883, the marble figure has been displayed in the Louvre, while a plaster replica stands at the original location of the Sanctuary of the Great Gods on Samothrace. It is considered one of the Louvre's greatest treasures, and since the late 19th century it has been displayed in the most dramatic fashion, at the head of the sweeping Daru staircase. J.-C., marbre, haute totale : 2,75 m., musée du Louvre, ParisO. This kind of interplay between a statue and the space conjured up would become a common device in baroque and romantic art, about two thousand years later. 118-46. << 0000007530 00000 n 611 975 722 722 722 722 667 611 778 722 278 556 722 611 833 722 /XHeight 700 0000001295 00000 n Elle commémore une victoire au cours d’un conflit naval pour la domination de la mer Egée. 11 0 obj 12 0 obj This effort aimed to respect the goals of the original restoration performed in 1883. 0000002890 00000 n /Descent -188 © Musée du Louvre / … La Victoire de Samothrace, un chef-d’oeuvre arrivé à Paris en puzzle La Victoire de Samothrace est l’une des oeuvres les plus célèbres du Louvre. /StemV 159 Philadelphia sculptor Samuel Murray, a student and intimate of painter Thomas Eakins, produced the 28-foot figure in 1911 with possible influence from Augustus Saint-Gaudens' Nike interpretation on the Sherman Memorial in New York City (1903). /MaxWidth 1063 0000007104 00000 n The art historian H. W. Janson has pointed out[1] that unlike earlier Greek or Near Eastern sculptures, Nike creates a deliberate relationship to the imaginary space around the goddess. In a letter signed by the island's mayor, the locals urged Greek politicians to intervene and request that the Louvre museum, where the statue is kept, acknowledge that the sculpture belongs in its natural environment. startxref [28] Another full size replica stands in the lobby of Crouse College, home to the Setnor School of Music, at Syracuse University in Syracuse, New York. Upon completion of the restoration, the statue was reunited with its base and returned to its prior position at the head of the Daru staircase in the Louvre. /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding xref /MissingWidth 750 Modern excavations suggest that the Victory occupied a niche above a theater and also suggest it accompanied an altar that was within view of the ship monument of Demetrius I Poliorcetes (337–283 BC). 552 400 549 333 333 333 576 537 278 333 333 365 556 834 834 834 "[23], The Greek Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs asked again for its return in 2013. Malheureusement, l'œuvre d'art antique n'a survécu qu'en tant que fragment, ce qui est extrêmement regrettable. /LastChar 255 Essai de remontage de la Victoire de Samothrace dans la cour du Musée du Louvre en 1879. 556 1015 667 667 722 722 667 611 778 722 278 500 667 556 833 722 /Gamma 0.2468 The prow was reconstructed from marble debris at the site by Champoiseau in 1879 and assembled in situ before being shipped to Paris. /LastChar 255 endobj Texas Woman's University in Denton, Texas has a replica which was purchased from the Louvre and shipped from Paris in 1982. /FontDescriptor 9 0 R ] Les travaux ont duré d’un an et demi et ont nécessité un aménagement exceptionnel. /MaxWidth 1063 >> 611 556 556 556 556 556 556 889 556 556 556 556 556 278 278 278 750 556 750 222 556 333 1000 556 556 333 1000 667 333 1000 750 750 In 2013 a restoration effort was launched to improve the appearance of the sculpture. 750 750 278 278 500 500 350 556 1000 333 1000 556 333 944 750 750 0000005423 00000 n /Type /Page This replica is actually a replacement of the original 1929 replica given to commemorate Armistice Day and the defeat of autocracy. /StemH 80 [31], Augustus Saint-Gaudens' 1903 William Tecumseh Sherman statue of General William Tecumseh Sherman in Grand Army Plaza, New York City, depicts a robed, winged Nike leading Sherman while holding a palm branch, as a symbol of his victory in the Civil War and the peace to follow. La Victoire de Samothrace obtient en effet la préférence des visiteurs, première ex-aequo avec la Joconde et la Vénus de Milo. Scientific reviews were performed on the base (UV, Infrared, X-ray spectroscopy) prior to cleaning the surface of the marble. /Name /F2 endobj [25], Starting in 1962, Yves Klein produced a series of plaster replicas of the Nike coated in dry pigment of his signature International Klein Blue affixed by resin entitled Victoire de Samatrace.[26]. /Leading 251 /BaseFont /Arial,BoldItalic 556 333 556 611 556 611 556 333 611 611 278 278 556 278 889 611 The most likely battle commemorated by this monument is, perhaps, the Battle of Cos in 255 BC, in which Antigonus II Gonatas of Macedonia won over the fleet of Ptolemy II of Egypt.[17]. /Type /FontDescriptor /Descent -250 /AvgWidth 500 Before she lost her arms, which have never been recovered, Nike's right arm is believed to have been raised,[7] cupped round her mouth to deliver the shout of Victory. A partial inscription on the base of the statue includes the word "Rhodios" (Rhodian), indicating that the statue was commissioned to celebrate a naval victory by Rhodes, at that time the most powerful maritime state in the Aegean which in itself would date the statue to 288 BC at the earliest. /Pages 5 0 R Statue découverte par Charles Chamoiseau, vice-consul et << Sanctuaire des Grands Dieux de Samothrace Bibliographie. /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding [16] Samothrace was an important sanctuary for the Hellenistic Macedonian kings. 667 278 333 556 556 556 556 280 556 333 737 370 556 584 333 737 611 556 556 556 556 556 556 889 500 556 556 556 556 278 278 278 /Name /F1 /Leading 188 The base was dismantled block by block and placed in the workshop. /WhitePoint [0.9505 1 1.0891 ] CE QUE J’AI ENVIE DE DIRE : Ce que je ressens CONTEXTE HISTORIQUE Vers 220-185 av. Despite its significant damage and incompleteness, the Victory is held to be one of the great surviving masterpieces of sculpture from the Hellenistic Period, and from the entire Greco-Roman era. 667 278 333 556 556 556 556 260 556 333 737 370 556 584 333 737 La Victoire de Samothrace après restauration 2014, Vers 190 av. J.-C., Paris, Musée du Louvre, MA2369. The first FIFA World Cup Trophy, commissioned in 1930 and designed by Abel Lafleur, was based on the model. Le sanctuaire de Samothrace Très célèbre dans l’Antiquité, le sanctuaire de Samothrace regroupe plusieurs édifices destinés au culte des Dieux Le monument de la Victoire était disposé dans un petit édifice dont il ne reste que les fondations. The statue's outstretched right wing is a symmetric plaster version of the original left one. 278 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 278 278 584 584 584 << /LastChar 255 /Size 18 /Type /Pages en même temps que le corps et les fragments de la Victoire, « une vingtaine de morceaux énormes en marbre gris blanc uni, et taillés de façon à les faire regarder comme des espèces de pylônes de genre égyptien. The Cape Town Cenotaph is topped by a replica of the Winged Victory of Samothrace by British sculptor Vernon March. /BaseFont /Arial,Bold [29] A replica of the statue sits overlooking the Veterans area of the Skylawn Memorial Park in San Mateo, California. Hatzfeld pointed out in 1910 that Samothrace was in the possession of Demetrios' bitter personal enemy, Haskell, Francis and Nicholas Penny. [6] It was created not only to honour the goddess, Nike, but probably also to commemorate a naval action. << [ /PDF /Text ] /WhitePoint [0.9505 1 1.0891 ] The fingerless hand had slid out of sight under a large rock, near where the statue had originally stood; on the return trip home, Phyllis Williams Lehmann identified the tip of the Goddess's ring finger and her thumb in a storage drawer at the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, where the second Winged Victory is displayed; the fragments have been reunited with the hand,[10] which is now in a glass case in the Louvre next to the podium on which the statue stands. Le pied droit touchant à peine le pont du navire, la Victoire est saisie à la fin de son vol, les ailes encore déployées, les vêtements tourbillonnant au vent. /StemV 80 0000005695 00000 n 0000007138 00000 n La Victoire de Samothrace, au Louvre et à Samothrace. A 7-foot (2.1 m) replica of the sculpture stands at Connecticut College in New London, Connecticut. 1956. The surface of the base was cleaned and then reassembled, and some gaps in the marble were repaired. 278 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 333 333 584 584 584 endobj /Ascent 1000 Ce monument, trouvé dans le sanctuaire des Grands Dieux de l'île de Samothrace, est probablement un ex-voto pour commémorer une victoire navale. 0000004305 00000 n /Descent -188 Une statue majestueuse dont les ailes déployées et les vêtements tourbillonnant au vent sont superbement mis en valeur par le grand escalier. Sur la plateforme même et renversé sens dessus dessous gisait un sarcophage plein, également en marbre gris, composé de trois morceaux. 0000000000 65535 f 8 0 obj /CreationDate (D:20030115122753) The Winged Victory of Samothrace, also called the Nike of Samothrace, is a marble Hellenistic sculpture of Nike, that was created in about the 2nd century BC. The context of the Winged Victory of Samothrace, discovered in 1863, is controversial, with proposals ranging from the Battle of Salamis in 306 BC to the Battle of Actium in 31 BC as the event being celebrated. >> trailer 278 722 722 778 778 778 778 778 584 778 722 722 722 722 667 667 After 1884, the statue was positioned where it would visually dominate the Daru staircase. 750 556 750 222 556 333 1000 556 556 333 1000 667 333 1000 750 750 778 667 778 722 667 611 722 667 944 667 667 611 278 278 278 469 /CapHeight 938 << The sculpture is one of a small number of major … [30], The Estrugamou Building in Buenos Aires, Argentina was built in four sections, arranged around a patio adorned with a bronze copy of the iconic Winged Victory of Samothrace. /Kids [4 0 R ] 750 556 750 278 556 500 1000 556 556 333 1000 667 333 1000 750 750 /Contents 14 0 R “Le theatre de Samothrace,” BCH 80, pp. 778 667 778 722 667 611 722 667 944 667 667 611 333 278 333 584 /MediaBox [ 0 0 596 842 ] The largest public sculpture based on Nike appears in a prominent position atop the massive Pennsylvania State Memorial at Gettysburg National Military Park in Pennsylvania. /BaseFont /Arial Datings based on stylistic evaluation have been equally variable, ranging across the same three centuries, but perhaps tending to an earlier date. The sculpture is one of a small number of major Hellenistic statues surviving in the original, rather than Roman copies. /Producer (Acrobat PDFWriter 4.05 pour Windows) /Ascent 938 /Ascent 938 [20], The discovery in the 1950s of the palm of the right hand and two fingers established that this hand was meant to show a simple gesture of statue and was not holding an object; the partial hand is stored next to the statue.[21]. 10 0 obj J.-C., Paris, Musée du Louvre, MA2369. La Victoire de Samothrace a fait peau neuve après deux campagnes de restauration en 2013 et 2014. /FirstChar 31 /F3 12 0 R /DefaultRGB 17 0 R 750 750 278 278 500 500 350 556 1000 333 1000 556 333 944 750 750 << >> Only Winged Victory's right wing isn't original, and was added by mirroring the left wing. Entre 1880 et 1883, le buste de est refait en plâtre, en intégrant le sein droit original en marbre. endobj >> /Info 1 0 R 552 400 549 333 333 333 576 556 278 333 333 365 556 834 834 834 /ItalicAngle -11 Une personnification de la déesse Niké The Victory soon became a cultural icon to which artists responded in many different ways. 3 0 obj 500 ] La statue est alors replacée sur sa base et connaît la consécration en é… VICTOIRE de SAMOTHRACE Sculpteur et donateur inconnus Musée du Louvre - Paris Entre 220 et 185 av. /Type /FontDescriptor 556 1015 667 667 722 722 667 611 778 722 278 500 667 556 833 722 /StemH 80 ™â…Hj²`^ñ%MIëœæVG+1]†-:jÍ,¿½ìş´9* 556 556 556 333 500 278 556 500 722 500 500 500 334 260 334 584 >> << RMN-Grand Palais / Philippe Fuzeau. [14] Ceramic evidence discovered in recent excavations has revealed that the pedestal was set up about 200 BC, though some scholars still date it as early as 250 BC or as late as 180. /Subtype /TrueType Chapouthier, A., A. Salač, and F. Salviat. %%EOF. ] H. W. Janson described it as "the greatest masterpiece of Hellenistic sculpture". Victoire de Samothrace, vers 190 av JC Marbre de Paros, 328cm Paris, musée du Louvre. endobj >> /FontName /Arial,BoldItalic [13] When first discovered on the island of Samothrace (then part of the Ottoman Empire and called Semadirek) and published in 1863, it was suggested that the Victory was erected by the Macedonian general Demetrius Poliorcetes after his naval victory at Cyprus, between 295 and 289 BC. 0000002609 00000 n 7893 /ItalicAngle -11 611 975 722 722 722 722 667 611 778 722 278 556 722 611 833 722 [3] For much of the 20th century, the prevailing theory, based on the works of Hermann Thiersch and Karl Lehmann, considered it a Rhodian monument dedicated following the victories at Side and Myonessos in 190 BC, and suggested that it might have been carved by the Rhodian sculptor Pythocritus. /Type /Font The evidence for a Rhodian commission of the statue has been questioned, however, and the closest artistic parallel to the Nike of Samothrace are figures depicted on Macedonian coins. /Flags 32 << << 667 278 333 556 556 556 556 260 556 333 737 370 556 584 333 737 La déesse de la Victoire de Samothrace, chef-d’œuvre inégalé de la sculpture grecque de l’époque hellénistique, se présente sous la forme d'une femme ailée se dressant à la proue d'un navire. /Subtype /TrueType /Type /FontDescriptor /StemV 80 endobj /Root 3 0 R Since 1884, it has been prominently displayed at the Louvre and is one of the most celebrated sculptures in the world. 667 278 333 556 556 556 556 280 556 333 737 370 556 584 333 737 << /FontName /Arial 556 333 556 556 500 556 556 278 556 556 222 222 500 222 833 556 Le bloc principal du corps (la totalité n'a jamais été retrouvée) est arrivé en puzzle à Paris en 1866. Hip Hop artist Killer Mike of the group Run the Jewels has a gold replica of Winged Victory of Samothrace as his signature chain. The stylistic portrayal of the wings is a source of scholarly discussion, as the feather pattern resembles neither the wings of birds in nature nor wings in Greek art. /StemV 159 611 667 667 667 667 667 667 1000 722 667 667 667 667 278 278 278 /F0 6 0 R La Victoire de Samothrace. /Flags 16480 /AvgWidth 438 /LastChar 255 [33], Graffiti artist Banksy created CCTV Angel in 2006 depicting a robed, winged figure with a CCTV camera for a head, as a statement on the overreach with security surveillance in society.[34]. Bas-relief hellénistique : navire de guerre, 3e-4e siècle av. >> /Subtype /TrueType [4] However, by the mid-2010s, the reconstructions of the monument proposed by Lehmann have been shown to be false (the remains of the surrounding space that housed the Victory belong to the Roman period), and the question of why the statue was dedicated on Samothrace, which at the time was dominated by the Greek Kingdom of Macedonia, remains unanswered.[5]. /Type /Font Le grand chantier de restauration de la Victoire de Samothrace et de l’escalier Daru a démarré le 3 septembre 2013. /Matrix [0.4361 0.2225 0.0139 0.3851 0.7169 0.0971 0.1431 0.0606 0.7141 ] /Descent -188 endobj La célèbre sculpture s'est muée en modèle grec. The wind that has carried her and which she is fighting off, straining to keep steady – as mentioned the original mounting had her standing on a ship's prow, just having landed – is the invisible complement of the figure and the viewer is made to imagine it. Pour commencer, il paraît nécessaire de faire une brève mise au point sur les vêtements, dont la disposition a été quelquefois qualifiée de confuse10. Saint-Gaudens depicts Nike with her right arm raised while it is thought the original Nike was not making such gesture.